Lophophora pollen grain images thanks to Gerhard Koehres
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Featured articles:
Dana M. Price & Martin Terry
Martin Terry
Martin Terry
Joselyn Fenstermacher
The CCI Online Library
The most recent additions:
Keeper Trout. 2019. Peyote Poaching. (Some thoughts on the word 'poaching'.) [1.4 mb PDF]
Kevin Feeney. 2017. Peyote as Commodity: An Examination of Market Actors and Access Mechanisms. Human Organization 76(1): 59–72. [1.5 mb PDF]
Martin Terry & Keeper Trout. 2017. Regulation of peyote (Lophophora williamsii: Cactaceae) in the USA: A historical victory of religion and politics over science and medicine. Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas, 11(1): 147–156. [736 kb PDF]
Bia Labate (producer). 2016. Youtube video featuring Dr. Terry demonstrating the proper technique for sustainably harvesting Lophophora williamsii that is intended for sacramental use.
Peyote Sales. 1986--2016. Peyote sales reported to Texas DPS by the licensed distributors. [PDF]
Alphabetical list of available PDFs & other informative resources
Sofía Albesiano & Roberto Kiesling. 2012. Identity and neotypification of Cereus macrogonus, the Type of the generic name Trichocereus (Cactaceae). Haseltonia, 17: 24–34. [~2.3 Mb PDF]
Sofía Albesiano & Teresa Terrazas. 2012. Cladistic analysis of Trichocereus (Cactaceae: Cactoideae: Trichocereeae) based on morphological data and chloroplast DNA sequences. Haseltonia 17: 3–23.
We gratefully acknowledge permission granted by the Editor of Cactus World and by the author, for us to reproduce the following article for our readers:
Berresford, Peter. 2011. The Black Lace Cactus -- an evaluation. Cactus World 29(4): 185-189.
[4 Mb PDF]
Guillermo Cruz Sánchez. 1948. Estudio farmacologico de la Opuntia cylindrica. PhD dissertation. Instituto de Farmacología y Terapeutica Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos.
[~14.3 Mb PDF]
Guillermo Cruz Sánchez. 1948. Informe sobre las aplicaciones populares de la cimora en el norte del Peru. Revista de la Farmacología y Medicina Experimental (Lima), 1 (2): 253–258.
[~2.5 Mb PDF]
Guillermo Cruz Sánchez. 1951. Estudio folklorico de algunas plantas medicamentosas y toxicas de la region norte del Peru. Revista de Medicina Experimental, 8 (1): 159–166.
[~3.6 Mb PDF]
Kevin Feeney. 2007. The Legal Bases for Religious Peyote Use. In T.B. Roberts & M.J. Winkelman (Eds.), Psychedelic Medicine: New Evidence for Hallucinogenic Substances as Treatments (Vol. I, pp. 233-250).
[222 kb PDF]
Kevin Feeney. 2017. Peyote as Commodity: An Examination of Market Actors and Access Mechanisms. Human Organization 76(1): 59–72.
[1.5 mb PDF]
Joselyn Fenstermacher. 2007. Flora of the Dead Horse Mountains.
[5.1 Mb PDF]
Friedrich & Rowley 1974 (Our thanks to David Hunt and the IOS for granting us permission to post this!):
Heimo Friedrich. 1974. Zur taxonomie und phylogenie der Echinopsidinae (Trichocereinae). I.O.S. Bulletin, 3 (3): 79–93.
Gordon Douglas Rowley. 1974. Reunion of the genus Echinopsis. I.O.S. Bulletin, 3 (3): 93–99.
Inés Gonzáles Huerta. 1960. Indentificacion [sic] de la mescalina contenida el Trichocereus Pachanoi (San Pedro). Revista del Viernes Medico, 11 (1): 133–137.
[~2.5 Mb PDF]
Carlos Gutiérrez-Noriega. 1950. Área de mescalinismo en el Perú. América Indígena, 10 (3): 215–220.
[~6.7 Mg PDF]
Carlos Gutiérrez-Noriega & Guillermo Cruz Sánchez. 1947. Alteraciones mentales producidas por la Opuntia Cylindrica. Revista de Neuropsiquiatría, 10 (4): 422–468.
[~48.8 Mb PDF]
Carlos Gutiérrez-Noriega & Guillermo Cruz Sánchez. 1948. Efecto de la intoxicacion producida por la Opuntia Cylindrica Sobre los Resultos del Test de Rorschach. Revista de Neuro-Psiquiatría, 11 (3): 390–401.
[~15.4 Mb PDF]
Carlos Gutiérrez-Noriega & Guillermo Cruz Sánchez. 1948. Psicosis experimental producida por la Opuntia Cylindrica. Revista de Neurología, 11 (2): 155–170.
[~18.3 Mb PDF]
Ted Herrera posted a nice youtube video concerning Harvesting peyote.
Direct link: https://youtu.be/87SYIlNDzQA.
Diana Hulsey, M. Abul Kalam, Paul Daley, Norma Fowler & Martin Terry. 2011. Clinal geographic variations in mescaline concentrations among Texas populations of Lophophora Williamsii (Cactaceae). Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas, 5 (2): 677–683.
[~4.4 Mb PDF]
M. Abul Kalam, Molly T. Klein, Diana Hulsey, Keeper Trout, Paul Daley & Martin Terry. 2013. A preliminary report of mescaline concentrations in small regrowth crowns vs. mature crowns of Lophophora williamsii (Cactaceae); cultural, economic, and conservation implications. Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas, 7 (1): 435–440.
Molly T. Klein, M. Kalam, Keeper Trout, Norma Fowler & Martin Terry. 2015. Mescaline concentrations in three principal tissues of Lophophora williamsii (Cactaceae): Implications for sustainable harvesting practices. Haseltonia 20: 34–42. [~4 Mb PDF]
We gratefully acknowledge permission granted by the Editor of the Cactus and Succulent Journal (U.S.), the Cactus and Succulent Society of America, and the author, for us to reproduce the following article for our readers:
Lange, Michael J., and Sinclair, Jim. 2013. A hard-to-manage taxon: The Black Lace Cactus Echinocereus fitchii ssp. albertii. Cactus and Succulent Journal (U.S.) 85(2): 72-78.
[3.8mb PDF]
G. B. Marini-Bettòlo & Juan A. Coch Frugoni. 1956. Influenza del pH nella separazione electtroforetica su carta degli alcaloidi. Gazzeta Chimica Italiana, 86: 1324–1331.
[~4.9 Mb PDF]
G. B. Marini-Bettòlo & Juan A. Coch Frugoni. 1958. Influenza del pH nella separazione electtroforetica su carta degli alcaloidi. Rendiconti. Instituto Superiore di Sanità, 21: 319–327. [see also in CA 49, 1280e]
[~6.2 Mb PDF]
Olabode Ogunbodede, Douglas McCombs, Keeper Trout, Paul Daley & Martin Terry. 2010. New mescaline concentrations from 14 taxa/cultivars of Echinopsis spp. (Cactaceae) ("San Pedro") and their relevance to shamanic practice. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 131 (3): 356–362.
Peyote Sales. 1986--2016. Peyote sales reported to Texas DPS by the licensed distributors. [PDF]
Ladislao Reti. 1947. Alcaloides de las cactáceas y substancias naturales relacionadas. Ciencia e Investigación. Revista Patrocinada por la Asociación Argentina, October: 405–411.
[~9.3 Mb PDF]
Jaroslav Šnicer, Jaroslav Bohata & Vojtěch Myšák. 2009. The Littlest Lophophora. Cactus & Succulent Society Journal, 81 (6): 294–300.
[2.3 Mb PDF]
Stefan Szuman. 1930. Analiza formalina i psycholgiczna widzeń meskalinowych. Kwartalnik Psychologiczny, 1-2: 157–212.
[~14.6 Mb]
Martin Terry & James D. Mauseth. 2006. Root-shoot anatomy and post-harvest vegetative clonal development in Lophophora williamsii (Cactaceae: Cactaeae): implications for conservation. Sida, 22: 565–592.
Martin Terry, Karen L. Steelman, Tom Guilderson, Phil Dering & Marvin W. Rowe. 2006. Lower Pecos and Coahuila peyote: new radiocarbon dates. Journal of Archaeological Science, 33: 1017–1021.
[~ 369 kb PDF]
Martin Terry. 2007. Cactus Conservation in the US-Mexico Borderlands: Case Studies.
[~4.43 Mb PDF]
Originally presented in Powerpoint at the 2nd Annual Invitational Cactus Symposium.
Our thanks to Gerhard Köhres for this translation.
Martin Terry. 2011. Regeneration of Lophophora williamsii (Cactaceae) following mummification of its crown by natural freezing events, and some observations on multiple stem formation. Phytologia, 93 (3): 330–340.
Martin Terry, Teodoso Herrera, Keeper Trout, Bennie Williams & Norma Fowler. 2011. Limitations to natural production of Lophophora williamsii (Cactaceae) I. Regrowth and survivorship two years post harvest in a South Texas population. Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas, 5 (2): 661–675.
[~8.7 Mb PDF]
Martin Terry, Alan E. Pepper, Anna W. Strong, Daniel M. Tarin, Dana M. Price & James R. Manhart. 2012. Genetic Structure of a Population of the Endangered Star Cactus (Astrophytum asterias) in Southern Texas. The Southwestern Naturalist, 57 (2): 182–188.
[~758 Kb PDF]
Martin Terry, Teodoso Herrera, Keeper Trout, Bennie Williams & Norma Fowler. 2012. Limitations to natural production of Lophophora williamsii (Cactaceae) II. Effects of repeated harvesting at two-year intervals in a South Texas population. Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas, 6 (2): 567–577.
[~1.5 Mb PDF]
Martin Terry, Keeper Trout, Bennie Williams & Teodoso Herrera. 2012. Cultivation of peyote by Native Americans: Past, present and future. Presentation given by Dr. Terry at the 2012 annual meeting of the Society for Economic Botany.
Direct link: https://youtu.be/xK5ZjSiIEGE
Martin Terry & Keeper Trout. 2013. Cultivation of peyote: a logical and practical solution to the problem of decreased availability. Phytologia, 95 (4): 314–320,
In 2014 Dr. Terry presented two well-received public talks on the potential role of cultivation in the conservation of Lophophora williamsii.
"El consumo y la falta de producción: Un machete de doble filo en la conservación del peyote." the II Congreso Internacional de Medicina Tradicional y Salud Pública: Plantas Sagradas, Cultura y Derechos Humanos, 3–5 April, 2014, Toluca, México.
[Powerpoint accompanying presentation as a PDF. Same but formatted as a .mov]
"Authorized consumption without authorized cultivation: effects of the absence of regulatory structure in the conservation of Lophophora williamsii." 33rd IOS Congress, 8–11 April 2014, Tucson, Arizona.
[IOS talk abstract]
So far as we know the talk was not recorded. We are making available the presentation notes that were used as a basis for both talks. The IOS Congress was limited to 15 minutes with questions. The one at Toluca was longer and was in Spanish.
Martin Terry, Teodoso Herrera, Keeper Trout, Bennie Williams & Norma Fowler. 2014. Limitations to natural production of Lophophora williamsii (Cactaceae) III. Effects of repeated harvesting at two-year intervals for six years in a South Texas population. Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas, 8 (2): 541–550.
[1.9 Mb PDF]
Martin Terry, Bennie Williams, Teodoso Herrera & Keeper Trout. 2014. The Predicament of the Bordas Escarpment: Ways and Means of Restoring Peyote Habitat in South Texas. In October of 2014, Dr. Terry gave a presentation to the Society for Ecological Restoration.
[Powerpoint accompanying the talk by Dr. Terry (PDF located on the SER website)]
http://chapter.ser.org/texas/files/2014/10/The-Current-Predicament-of-the-Bordas-Escarpment-Ways-and-Means-of-Restoring-Peyote-Habitat-in-South-Texas.pdf
Martin Terry, Keeper Trout & Bennie Williams. 2015. When Cultivation of a Religious Sacrament Equals Manufacturing a Controlled Substance: Effects of the Absence of Adequate Regulatory Structure on the Conservation of Peyote. Advances in Environmental Research. Volume 45, Chapter 3. (Nova Science Publishers) ISBN: 978-1-63483-299-1.
We have been unable to obtain a copy of this but it will be added as soon as it becomes possible.
Martin Terry & Keeper Trout. 2017. Regulation of peyote (Lophophora williamsii: Cactaceae) in the USA: A historical victory of religion and politics over science and medicine. Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas, 11(1): 147–156. [736 kb PDF]
Keeper Trout, Blake Edwards & Martin Terry. 2014. The Peyote Crisis & some Suggestions. Revisited.
[Link to the online article]
Keeper Trout & Martin Terry. 2016. Decline of the Genus Lophophora in Texas. page 1-20 (Chapter 1) in Peyote: History, Tradition, Politics, and Conservation, Beatriz Caiuby Labate & Clancy Cavnar, editors, Praeger (ABC-CLIO) ISBN 978-1-4408-3400-4.
A number of errors were introduced into our chapter after both the authors and the editors had performed final proofing. It is otherwise a beautiful and interesting book.
And a suggestion for another valuable reference work:
“TAXONOMY of the CACTACEAE” by Joël Lodé presents a welcomed revision of Cactaceae. The two volume work is available at Cactus Adventurers.
An index of the recognized species and synonyms is available online as a free PDF. While it would be possible to link directly to that PDF we felt that our readers would benefit from having a link to the page containing that link as it also includes full details about the book Taxonomy of the Cactaceae, an image gallery of cactus seeds and information about Cactus Adventurers. https://cactus-aventures.com/pageweb_ENG.html
